Post by JP HOOPS on Aug 22, 2012 11:34:01 GMT -5
Your Complete Guide to Shooting Free Throws
iHoops.com
Ask any of the all-time great coaches. Not one brushes off the importance of free throws.
"If you want to be in the game," Tennessee women's coach Pat Summitt says, "you better shoot 75 percent from the line."
Don't believe Summitt, who's won 1,000 games and eight national championships? Here's the testimony of Rick Majerus, who has won almost 500 games and took Utah to the Final Four in 1998.
"To win the big games," Majerus says, "you must get to the free throw line...and then you must make them."
Dating back to the days of James Naismith, the inventor of basketball, the free throw has been a crucial aspect in the outcome of many games. Simply put, winners can hit free throws no matter the enormity of the situation.
Great free throw shooters in NBA history, from Mark Price to Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, made more than 90 percent of their free throws. Nicole Powell holds the WNBA record with 89.1 percent made, including 94-of-96 in the 2009 season.
Make sure you're ready to come through for your team at the foul stripe. This is your guide to tips, drills and other insight to the simplest shot in basketball. Here's everything you need to know about the free throw:
The History of the Free Throw
By Ryan Wood, iHoops.com
In 1891, while preparing to teach a gym class at the YMCA in Springfield, Mass., James Naismith came up with a game that was non-violent and a welcome distraction for kids stuck inside during the frigid New England winters. Naismith wrote up 13 rules for his game, and called it basket ball.
The free throw was not mentioned among the original 13 rules. In fact, the closest thing was rule No. 7, which stated "If either side makes consecutive fouls it shall count a goal for the opponents."
After a little bit of tweaking, the free throw as we know it today was put into place--more than 115 years ago.
According to Naismith's book, "Basketball: Its Origin and Development," the original penalty for committing a foul was tweaked to "if three fouls were committed by one team without the other team having committed a foul, the team that was fouled should receive one point."
Of course, considering all baskets were one point back then, it proved to be a serious offense to foul a player. Soon after, Naismith recognized that it was too severe of a penalty, and adjusted it so that all field goals were three points, and all fouls were an automatic one point.
Further evolving it, Naismith decided that victims of a foul should instead be rewarded with a 20-foot shot, the first version of the free throw. If that 20-foot shot was made, it counted as a field goal.
The last major change took place in 1895, when the free-throw line was moved up to 15 feet. In 1896, point totals were changed to two points for a regular field goal and one point for a free throw.
For 29 years, those rules stood. But there was a quirk. Back then, a team could choose who they wanted to shoot the free throws. Teams would often pick a good shooter and designate him as the team's sole free-throw shooter. According to Naismith's book, "This player soon became so expert that he could throw the ball into the basket a large percentage of the time; this meant that a foul was practically as good as a goal."
Not wanting that, the rules changed again in 1924. From that point forward, players had to shoot their own free throws if they were fouled.
This was the last major change made to free-throw shooting. While college basketball was going strong at that point, the free throw was essentially finalized 22 years before the NBA would play its first game.
Of course, minor tweaks have continued to basketball's rule book, and some have impacted the free throw. Among the NCAA rules that have been polished over the years:
Between 1939 and 1952, teams could decline shooting the free throws and instead elect to inbound the ball at half court.
In 1990, the NCAA started allowing three free throws to be awarded if a player is fouled during a 3-point shot.
The one-and-one free throw is introduced in 1954, which in certain situations allowed for a second free throw to be shot only if the first one is converted.
At first, the free throw was controversial. Why, some wondered, should a game potentially be won or lost on a shot that doesn't allow for any defense to be played?
Naismith had the answer in his book, and it's a philosophy that still is supported today.
"I have often overheard some spectators express the opinion that a game was won by free throws. I have always taken the attitude that the game was lost by fouls." Naismith wrote. "Personally, I believe that any tendency toward lessening the penalty of a foul would be a serious mistake."
Shoot Free Throws Like The Pros
Free-throw shooting is like memorization: if you do it enough, you can perform like a machine. The key is to shoot free throws for twenty minutes straight during this drill. Count your makes and misses (i.e. 1-for-1, 1-for-2, 2-for-3, etc), in order to chart your improvement over a period of time.
Shooting Free-Throws Properly
Although a large part of free-throw shooting is based on personal tendencies, a few procedures should be universally followed in order to achieve maximum success.
1.Line the foot that corresponds with your shooting hand--if you're right handed, your left foot--up with the nail that is nailed into the center of every free throw line in every gym. (If you are shooting outside, try to guess where the center of the foul line is.) This guarantees you a level of alignment with the rim, helpful to your overall success. Though there are exceptions to the rule, most great free-throw shooters follow this line of thinking (even if they won't admit it).
2.Fix your eyes on the front of the rim. Do not use the back of the rim, or, even worse, the white square on the backboard as your point of reference. Doing so means that you are looking towards a place on the basket where, if you hit them, you will most probably miss. Whereas, if you aim towards the front of the rim, your mind automatically tells you to shoot the ball at this point with a trajectory conducive to a friendly bounce. And even if you hit the front of the rim, if you have the rotation that you should as a shooter, the ball will roll into the basket.
Keys to Effectiveness
Repetition. Repetition. Repetition. If you practice them enough, you will become a good free-throw shooter. Period. I believe one should question Shaquille O' Neal when he says that he practices them all the time. If he did, his form would improve, and, by extension, his shooting percentage would not be so low.
NBA Players to Emulate
Though he is retired now, Reggie Miller was one of the best free-throw shooters in the league. Try to catch some old footage of him shooting free throws on the Internet. His concentration and mechanics at the line were flawless.
The Fatigue Free Throws Drill
As we all know, free throws are an important fundamental and must be practiced every day. Free throws can be--and very often are--the difference between a team winning and a team losing.
This drill allows you to combine free throws with conditioning, thus maximizing your gym time. It also simulates game situation free throws as players are shooting them while winded. This is important because free throws late in the game are taken when players are physically spent, which requires more concentration.
How it Works
Gather three players and one basketball per hoop. Players need to remember the rotation: Rebound-Run-Shoot.
Player 1 goes to the line for two free throws. Player 2 rebounds for Player 1. Player 3 sprints one lap around the outside of the court.
Upon completion of the lap, Player 3, now fatigued, steps to the line for two free throws. Player 1 rebounds, Player 2 sprints a lap.
The rotation continues for 10 minutes. If you insist that players sprint hard and stay outside the court (no cutting corners), you'll find that the timing works out almost perfectly.
Also, after 10 minutes of this drill, the players should be sufficiently winded and will have gotten in about 25 free throws each.
The Man Who Doesn't Miss Shots
By Ryan Wood, iHoops.com
AP Photo.
Dave Hopla isn't impressed with himself. But he sees kids increasingly becoming more and more distracted, and he knows that his incredible shooting ability could go unmatched for a long time.
"As much time as kids spend playing video games," Hopla said, "if they spent that time playing the actual game, they'd be on the video game."
He may sound a little irritated, but this is one 53-year old that young basketball players should pay attention to. It's a safe bet that nobody on the planet can shoot a basketball better than Dave Hopla. And he has proof.
From the age of 16, Hopla has written down the result of every single shot he's taken. Anymore, they're mostly makes.
Consider the personal records he's constantly striving to beat, records he says "keep me motivated."
He once made 1,234 free throws in a row without a miss.
He once made 211 high school 3-pointers in a row without a miss.
He once made 181 college 3-pointers in a row without a miss.
He once made 78 NBA 3-pointers in a row without a miss.
Overall, Hopla makes more than 98 percent of the shots he takes. In 2007, he made 11,093 of 11,183 shots he took--a 99.19 shooting percentage. He always does shooting demonstrations at various camps he works, and oftentimes he goes the whole day without a miss. At a 2007 camp in Los Angeles, for example, he made all 272 shots he took.
Though the numbers disagree, Hopla insists he is nothing special. He's devoted his career toward showing players of all levels that his remarkable gift isn't a gift at all--it's a skill that anyone can learn.
"If you want to be the greatest shooter in the world, there are two things you have to do," Hopla said. "Number one is shoot the ball correctly with correct shooting form.
"The second part is why nobody wants to be the greatest anymore: You have to shoot it more times than anybody else the correct way."
Building the Skill
Hopla says he wasn't that great of a shooter when he was a teenager--his elbow stuck out and he had side spin on his ball, among other harmful quirks.
When he was 16 years old, he went to a camp that had three coaches breaking down the mechanics of shooting.
That camp changed Hopla's life.
"George Lehman called it BEEF: Balance, Elbow, Eyes, Follow-Through," Hopla said. "I just tweaked it a little bit."
With that, Hopla flies through the word association he uses to make sure he and his students remember all the fundamentals of the perfect shooting form:
Toes to target: make sure your toes are pointing to the basket.
Feet shoulder-width apart.
Form the letter L with your shooting arm.
Wrinkle the wrist: the skin on your wrist should wrinkle up when you cock it.
Bend and extend your legs.
Make sure your elbow is above your eyebrow.
Hand to the hoop.
Freeze the follow-through.
Knowing the proper way to shoot is half the battle, and Hopla took that knowledge and went to work. With years of practice under his belt, he now makes more than 98 percent of his shots.
He has dedicated his career to passing the message on. Hopla's shooting prowess and willingness to teach it has captured the attention of the NBA. Hopla has personally worked out several NBA stars. He has worked with the Toronto Raptors over the years and was an assistant coach for the Washington Wizards a few years ago.
Here's what you need to remember: Hopla is an incredible shooter and has coached other incredible shooters. But what works for him and his students isn't a big secret.
Putting the Work In
After mastering the shooting form, Hopla says there's only one more thing to do. Practice, practice, practice. Obsessively.
That alone is what prevents many young players from being great shooters.
"They don't put enough time in," Hopla said. "Kids play how many AAU games in the summer? When do they go in a gym and make 500 shots in the summertime? They never do it. All they do is play games.
"You're not going to become a better shooter or a better player just by playing games. It's not going to happen. You wonder why guys can't make free throws. They don't practice them. They play AAU games. They play four games a day on the weekends and they travel from city to city."
Hopla tells the story of traveling to Europe this summer and meeting a German coach who works with Dallas Mavericks star Dirk Nowitzki.
"He told Dirk, 'You make it look so easy,'" Hopla said, "and Dirk said 'I should! I've been doing the same thing the same way since I was 10 years old. I've done it 10 million times!'
"He kind of ripped into him, but he was exactly right."
Keep Track
One thing that most players don't do is exactly what helped make Hopla great--he keeps accurate track of every shot he takes.
"I'm 53, I've been doing camps for 23 years now, and maybe 10 people have showed me books," Hopla said. "People don't do it. Go to a weight room, and what do you see? Even guys who are 80 years old write down what they did in a weight room. You need feedback."
When working with the Raptors and Wizards, Hopla kept a log for every single player. The positives that stemmed from it were numerous.
"The guys loved it. They want to know, 'What did so-and-so shoot?'" Hopla said. "When you have it with them and you can show them they're improving, they gain confidence. After they gain confidence they see they're getting better, they want to practice more."
It's even more effective when players are struggling with a certain shot.
"Players will say 'Oh, I didn't make X amount of shots here, I want to go back to that spot,'" Hopla said. "It tells a lot about a guy's competitive spirit, too. If someone misses 15 out of 20 shots from a spot, a lot of guys don't want to go back to that spot. The great ones say 'Hey coach, I'm not leaving this spot until I make 15 out of 20.'"
That kind of dedication often is the difference between an OK shooter and a great shooter. Even if your shot feels comfortable, it might not be correct. The willingness to sacrifice short-term comfort for long-term benefits is why Ray Allen and Kobe Bryant asked for Hopla's help to begin with.
And it could make a big difference in your shot.
"A lot of people say 'Oh, it doesn't feel right.'" Hopla said. "It's like a new pair of shoes. You don't throw your shoes in the garbage. You keep working them."
One-on-One-on-One
By Paul Tayyar, eteamz.com
One of the most comprehensive drills around, one-on-one works on every facet of a player’s game, as well as executing within a highly competitive atmosphere. This works especially well on developing an offensive player’s ingenuity, as he has to attempt to score against two defenders.
How to Play:
It is played exactly the way it sounds: every man for himself. One player starts with the ball, and the other two players guard him. If that player scores, then he goes to the free throw line. If he makes the free throw, then he shoots another one. If he makes the second, then he gets a third, and final, attempt. If he makes the third, then he gets the ball back.
Key Rule:
Field goals count as two points, free throws count as one. If the player misses a free throw, then the ball is fair game for all three of the players, and whoever comes up with it is on offense, and the two without the ball proceed to guard the player with the ball. The first player to get to 21 wins. However, if a player has 20 and misses the free-throw that would give him 21, then his score goes back to 13; this is a rule that places game-time pressure on the player shooting the free throw.
This is a great drill and another wonderful drill to use for conditioning purposes.
iHoops.com
Ask any of the all-time great coaches. Not one brushes off the importance of free throws.
"If you want to be in the game," Tennessee women's coach Pat Summitt says, "you better shoot 75 percent from the line."
Don't believe Summitt, who's won 1,000 games and eight national championships? Here's the testimony of Rick Majerus, who has won almost 500 games and took Utah to the Final Four in 1998.
"To win the big games," Majerus says, "you must get to the free throw line...and then you must make them."
Dating back to the days of James Naismith, the inventor of basketball, the free throw has been a crucial aspect in the outcome of many games. Simply put, winners can hit free throws no matter the enormity of the situation.
Great free throw shooters in NBA history, from Mark Price to Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, made more than 90 percent of their free throws. Nicole Powell holds the WNBA record with 89.1 percent made, including 94-of-96 in the 2009 season.
Make sure you're ready to come through for your team at the foul stripe. This is your guide to tips, drills and other insight to the simplest shot in basketball. Here's everything you need to know about the free throw:
The History of the Free Throw
By Ryan Wood, iHoops.com
In 1891, while preparing to teach a gym class at the YMCA in Springfield, Mass., James Naismith came up with a game that was non-violent and a welcome distraction for kids stuck inside during the frigid New England winters. Naismith wrote up 13 rules for his game, and called it basket ball.
The free throw was not mentioned among the original 13 rules. In fact, the closest thing was rule No. 7, which stated "If either side makes consecutive fouls it shall count a goal for the opponents."
After a little bit of tweaking, the free throw as we know it today was put into place--more than 115 years ago.
According to Naismith's book, "Basketball: Its Origin and Development," the original penalty for committing a foul was tweaked to "if three fouls were committed by one team without the other team having committed a foul, the team that was fouled should receive one point."
Of course, considering all baskets were one point back then, it proved to be a serious offense to foul a player. Soon after, Naismith recognized that it was too severe of a penalty, and adjusted it so that all field goals were three points, and all fouls were an automatic one point.
Further evolving it, Naismith decided that victims of a foul should instead be rewarded with a 20-foot shot, the first version of the free throw. If that 20-foot shot was made, it counted as a field goal.
The last major change took place in 1895, when the free-throw line was moved up to 15 feet. In 1896, point totals were changed to two points for a regular field goal and one point for a free throw.
For 29 years, those rules stood. But there was a quirk. Back then, a team could choose who they wanted to shoot the free throws. Teams would often pick a good shooter and designate him as the team's sole free-throw shooter. According to Naismith's book, "This player soon became so expert that he could throw the ball into the basket a large percentage of the time; this meant that a foul was practically as good as a goal."
Not wanting that, the rules changed again in 1924. From that point forward, players had to shoot their own free throws if they were fouled.
This was the last major change made to free-throw shooting. While college basketball was going strong at that point, the free throw was essentially finalized 22 years before the NBA would play its first game.
Of course, minor tweaks have continued to basketball's rule book, and some have impacted the free throw. Among the NCAA rules that have been polished over the years:
Between 1939 and 1952, teams could decline shooting the free throws and instead elect to inbound the ball at half court.
In 1990, the NCAA started allowing three free throws to be awarded if a player is fouled during a 3-point shot.
The one-and-one free throw is introduced in 1954, which in certain situations allowed for a second free throw to be shot only if the first one is converted.
At first, the free throw was controversial. Why, some wondered, should a game potentially be won or lost on a shot that doesn't allow for any defense to be played?
Naismith had the answer in his book, and it's a philosophy that still is supported today.
"I have often overheard some spectators express the opinion that a game was won by free throws. I have always taken the attitude that the game was lost by fouls." Naismith wrote. "Personally, I believe that any tendency toward lessening the penalty of a foul would be a serious mistake."
Shoot Free Throws Like The Pros
Free-throw shooting is like memorization: if you do it enough, you can perform like a machine. The key is to shoot free throws for twenty minutes straight during this drill. Count your makes and misses (i.e. 1-for-1, 1-for-2, 2-for-3, etc), in order to chart your improvement over a period of time.
Shooting Free-Throws Properly
Although a large part of free-throw shooting is based on personal tendencies, a few procedures should be universally followed in order to achieve maximum success.
1.Line the foot that corresponds with your shooting hand--if you're right handed, your left foot--up with the nail that is nailed into the center of every free throw line in every gym. (If you are shooting outside, try to guess where the center of the foul line is.) This guarantees you a level of alignment with the rim, helpful to your overall success. Though there are exceptions to the rule, most great free-throw shooters follow this line of thinking (even if they won't admit it).
2.Fix your eyes on the front of the rim. Do not use the back of the rim, or, even worse, the white square on the backboard as your point of reference. Doing so means that you are looking towards a place on the basket where, if you hit them, you will most probably miss. Whereas, if you aim towards the front of the rim, your mind automatically tells you to shoot the ball at this point with a trajectory conducive to a friendly bounce. And even if you hit the front of the rim, if you have the rotation that you should as a shooter, the ball will roll into the basket.
Keys to Effectiveness
Repetition. Repetition. Repetition. If you practice them enough, you will become a good free-throw shooter. Period. I believe one should question Shaquille O' Neal when he says that he practices them all the time. If he did, his form would improve, and, by extension, his shooting percentage would not be so low.
NBA Players to Emulate
Though he is retired now, Reggie Miller was one of the best free-throw shooters in the league. Try to catch some old footage of him shooting free throws on the Internet. His concentration and mechanics at the line were flawless.
The Fatigue Free Throws Drill
As we all know, free throws are an important fundamental and must be practiced every day. Free throws can be--and very often are--the difference between a team winning and a team losing.
This drill allows you to combine free throws with conditioning, thus maximizing your gym time. It also simulates game situation free throws as players are shooting them while winded. This is important because free throws late in the game are taken when players are physically spent, which requires more concentration.
How it Works
Gather three players and one basketball per hoop. Players need to remember the rotation: Rebound-Run-Shoot.
Player 1 goes to the line for two free throws. Player 2 rebounds for Player 1. Player 3 sprints one lap around the outside of the court.
Upon completion of the lap, Player 3, now fatigued, steps to the line for two free throws. Player 1 rebounds, Player 2 sprints a lap.
The rotation continues for 10 minutes. If you insist that players sprint hard and stay outside the court (no cutting corners), you'll find that the timing works out almost perfectly.
Also, after 10 minutes of this drill, the players should be sufficiently winded and will have gotten in about 25 free throws each.
The Man Who Doesn't Miss Shots
By Ryan Wood, iHoops.com
AP Photo.
Dave Hopla isn't impressed with himself. But he sees kids increasingly becoming more and more distracted, and he knows that his incredible shooting ability could go unmatched for a long time.
"As much time as kids spend playing video games," Hopla said, "if they spent that time playing the actual game, they'd be on the video game."
He may sound a little irritated, but this is one 53-year old that young basketball players should pay attention to. It's a safe bet that nobody on the planet can shoot a basketball better than Dave Hopla. And he has proof.
From the age of 16, Hopla has written down the result of every single shot he's taken. Anymore, they're mostly makes.
Consider the personal records he's constantly striving to beat, records he says "keep me motivated."
He once made 1,234 free throws in a row without a miss.
He once made 211 high school 3-pointers in a row without a miss.
He once made 181 college 3-pointers in a row without a miss.
He once made 78 NBA 3-pointers in a row without a miss.
Overall, Hopla makes more than 98 percent of the shots he takes. In 2007, he made 11,093 of 11,183 shots he took--a 99.19 shooting percentage. He always does shooting demonstrations at various camps he works, and oftentimes he goes the whole day without a miss. At a 2007 camp in Los Angeles, for example, he made all 272 shots he took.
Though the numbers disagree, Hopla insists he is nothing special. He's devoted his career toward showing players of all levels that his remarkable gift isn't a gift at all--it's a skill that anyone can learn.
"If you want to be the greatest shooter in the world, there are two things you have to do," Hopla said. "Number one is shoot the ball correctly with correct shooting form.
"The second part is why nobody wants to be the greatest anymore: You have to shoot it more times than anybody else the correct way."
Building the Skill
Hopla says he wasn't that great of a shooter when he was a teenager--his elbow stuck out and he had side spin on his ball, among other harmful quirks.
When he was 16 years old, he went to a camp that had three coaches breaking down the mechanics of shooting.
That camp changed Hopla's life.
"George Lehman called it BEEF: Balance, Elbow, Eyes, Follow-Through," Hopla said. "I just tweaked it a little bit."
With that, Hopla flies through the word association he uses to make sure he and his students remember all the fundamentals of the perfect shooting form:
Toes to target: make sure your toes are pointing to the basket.
Feet shoulder-width apart.
Form the letter L with your shooting arm.
Wrinkle the wrist: the skin on your wrist should wrinkle up when you cock it.
Bend and extend your legs.
Make sure your elbow is above your eyebrow.
Hand to the hoop.
Freeze the follow-through.
Knowing the proper way to shoot is half the battle, and Hopla took that knowledge and went to work. With years of practice under his belt, he now makes more than 98 percent of his shots.
He has dedicated his career to passing the message on. Hopla's shooting prowess and willingness to teach it has captured the attention of the NBA. Hopla has personally worked out several NBA stars. He has worked with the Toronto Raptors over the years and was an assistant coach for the Washington Wizards a few years ago.
Here's what you need to remember: Hopla is an incredible shooter and has coached other incredible shooters. But what works for him and his students isn't a big secret.
Putting the Work In
After mastering the shooting form, Hopla says there's only one more thing to do. Practice, practice, practice. Obsessively.
That alone is what prevents many young players from being great shooters.
"They don't put enough time in," Hopla said. "Kids play how many AAU games in the summer? When do they go in a gym and make 500 shots in the summertime? They never do it. All they do is play games.
"You're not going to become a better shooter or a better player just by playing games. It's not going to happen. You wonder why guys can't make free throws. They don't practice them. They play AAU games. They play four games a day on the weekends and they travel from city to city."
Hopla tells the story of traveling to Europe this summer and meeting a German coach who works with Dallas Mavericks star Dirk Nowitzki.
"He told Dirk, 'You make it look so easy,'" Hopla said, "and Dirk said 'I should! I've been doing the same thing the same way since I was 10 years old. I've done it 10 million times!'
"He kind of ripped into him, but he was exactly right."
Keep Track
One thing that most players don't do is exactly what helped make Hopla great--he keeps accurate track of every shot he takes.
"I'm 53, I've been doing camps for 23 years now, and maybe 10 people have showed me books," Hopla said. "People don't do it. Go to a weight room, and what do you see? Even guys who are 80 years old write down what they did in a weight room. You need feedback."
When working with the Raptors and Wizards, Hopla kept a log for every single player. The positives that stemmed from it were numerous.
"The guys loved it. They want to know, 'What did so-and-so shoot?'" Hopla said. "When you have it with them and you can show them they're improving, they gain confidence. After they gain confidence they see they're getting better, they want to practice more."
It's even more effective when players are struggling with a certain shot.
"Players will say 'Oh, I didn't make X amount of shots here, I want to go back to that spot,'" Hopla said. "It tells a lot about a guy's competitive spirit, too. If someone misses 15 out of 20 shots from a spot, a lot of guys don't want to go back to that spot. The great ones say 'Hey coach, I'm not leaving this spot until I make 15 out of 20.'"
That kind of dedication often is the difference between an OK shooter and a great shooter. Even if your shot feels comfortable, it might not be correct. The willingness to sacrifice short-term comfort for long-term benefits is why Ray Allen and Kobe Bryant asked for Hopla's help to begin with.
And it could make a big difference in your shot.
"A lot of people say 'Oh, it doesn't feel right.'" Hopla said. "It's like a new pair of shoes. You don't throw your shoes in the garbage. You keep working them."
One-on-One-on-One
By Paul Tayyar, eteamz.com
One of the most comprehensive drills around, one-on-one works on every facet of a player’s game, as well as executing within a highly competitive atmosphere. This works especially well on developing an offensive player’s ingenuity, as he has to attempt to score against two defenders.
How to Play:
It is played exactly the way it sounds: every man for himself. One player starts with the ball, and the other two players guard him. If that player scores, then he goes to the free throw line. If he makes the free throw, then he shoots another one. If he makes the second, then he gets a third, and final, attempt. If he makes the third, then he gets the ball back.
Key Rule:
Field goals count as two points, free throws count as one. If the player misses a free throw, then the ball is fair game for all three of the players, and whoever comes up with it is on offense, and the two without the ball proceed to guard the player with the ball. The first player to get to 21 wins. However, if a player has 20 and misses the free-throw that would give him 21, then his score goes back to 13; this is a rule that places game-time pressure on the player shooting the free throw.
This is a great drill and another wonderful drill to use for conditioning purposes.